Fjs global debt collection scam. We place an emphasis on quality of service. Fjs global debt collection scam

 
 We place an emphasis on quality of serviceFjs global debt collection scam The Scam Detector’s algorithm gives this business the following rank: 100

Follow the instructions to validate the debt, as mentioned earlier. An ABC News investigation pried into the scam and found that, working through call centers in India, the fake debt collectors had dialed at least 2. How Debt Collector Scams work. Global Collection Agency, which is now known as Affinity Global, Inc. Online payments are limited to the. — Today, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) announced an enforcement action against Global Client Solutions, a leading debt-settlement payment processor, for allegedly helping other companies to collect tens of. Lines are open between 9am-5pm Eastern. A legitimate collector would have stopped all attempts to collect the debt once you informed them it. CFPB took action against Global Client Solutions, a leading debt-settlement payment processor, for allegedly helping other companies to collect tens of millions of dollars in illegal upfront fees from consumers. Our solution is designed to improve efficiency in business management, taking care of the daily and obligatory tasks of invoicing and accounting. Address: 4200 Cantera Dr. G. Most fake summonses often look and feel very convincing, complete with realistic seals, signatures, and case numbers. Boyland is one of the names – “Bags of Money” being another – used by a man that began his scammy debt collection operations in Buffalo. You can learn about the types of fraud, identity theft, and. Radius Global Solutions, LLC is a collection agency located in Edina, MN. In this article, we'll also show you a few other fraud prevention tips including what to do if you lost money to a scam. Emily Wu. If you’re receiving numerous debt collection scam calls, consider blocking or ignoring these calls. Just as a new question in a new thread whenever you are ready. 3. Debt collectors may try to scare you into paying by telling you that you will be sued or arrested if you do not pay. Address: 111 W. Scammers do this all the time as well because it's effective. 2. Your student loan servicer will help you with your loans for free, so companies that request payment for debt relief services before providing help are breaking the law. We're hearing about an increasing number of complaints about high-pressure phone calls from debt collectors. September 28, 2015. You are correct and this does seem like a fraudulent collection. 2 scams to look out for after you’ve taken a business loan. (Fair Debt Collection Act-811[15 USC 1692i]) Case File#VNQ-08953265(USC) Last Date to File Lawsuit-July 11th 2017 Cost of the Lawsuit-$5825. 8 billion to fraud — a $2. Global Collection Agency, which is now known as Affinity Global, Inc. The agency bought Leading Edge Recovery Solutions, LLC, which is in the debt recovery. The phone number for Global Debt Solutions is 1-561-483-5588. I spoke to a guy named Robert who is in charge of my account. Debt Collection. Complaints against FMS commonly cite problems resulting from disputes about the validity of debts or communication tactics. At the request of the Federal Trade Commission, a U. In a debt-collection scam, a caller claiming to represent a creditor or a debt-collection agency demands immediate payment for an alleged outstanding debt. 14. Scammers commonly ask you to “confirm” your name, address, SSN, or banking details. Debt Relief Service and Credit Repair Scams. Reviewed Feb. Consumers reported receiving harassing calls claiming that the consumer owed a debt on a loan; however, when requesting proof of the debt or the location of the. 6 No. Debt relief service scams target consumers with significant credit card debt by falsely promising to negotiate with their creditors to settle or otherwise reduce consumers' repayment obligations. Write a “stop contact” or “cease” letter telling them to stop contacting you. The calls can be from a different. Payday Loans ACS Incorp. Under the Fair Debt Collection Protections Act enforced by the Federal Trade Commission, debt collectors are required to provide, in writing, the creditor’s name, the amount owed, how to get the. In September 2018, the operators settled the FTC’s claims and are now banned. Get the latest news on debt settlement and collection practices so. Understand identity theft. This page also allows you to sign up to receive alerts about Coronavirus-related scams. May 12, 2021 at 6:41 pm, Sam Singh said:. They did help to reduce my debt. 15. Buzzfile confirms the founding date of 1996, estimates FRS’ annual. If the court Summons is real, then it will have had to be processed through the court. a freely invented claim by an unregistered debt collection agency - and you want to stop the scam, you also have the option of filing a criminal complaint for fraud with the competent police authority. Let’s say you get an email about a charge to your credit card for something you aren’t expecting or don’t want. The case, against GC Services, charges the debt collection agency with violating federal law and state law and asks for $1,000 in statutory damages, plus other relief. Bottom line: Debt collectors are forbidden by law to threaten you, and extreme claims about jail time or immediate need for payment are often indications of a scammer. Let’s take a look at one of the more popular scams in the debt collection space, the Fake Process Server. Radius Global Solutions' BBB rating is an A+, but customer reviews give them one star out of five. Scams are constantly changing. Once w e review your debts in detail, helping us to create an action plan that is tailored to your. disputed amount of $6,900. A federal court in North Carolina has granted a temporary restraining order against a number of companies engaged in debt collection after they were accused by the Federal Trade Commission of using deceptive and unfair tactics in. Just as a new question in a new thread whenever you are ready. These operations often charge cash-strapped consumers a large up-front fee, but then fail to help them. Lawyer's Assistant: I understand that you need assistance with responding to a civil lawsuit in Minnesota regarding a disputed amount of $6,. Call our experts to answer all of your questions and get the best deal on resolving your obligations. But reporting these callers to the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre gives them data they can use to fight fake debt collectors. (NYSE:MXT) is a financial services company that issues bank cards, insurance products, and credit protection. The subsequent step is to disclose your monthly earnings to TurboDebt. But before you pay, the scammer will ask you to confirm your name, address, and other sensitive information, which may. Example 10 Zero Debt Sdn Bhd (ZDSB) provides debt collection management services to ensure that bank borrowers pay their debts. The creditor may also hire a debt collector or sell the debt to someone who may try to collect the debt. They life threatened people for money. More than one-third of the applicable limitation period has. In 2021, 5. How To Spot a Scam Email in 2023. That way they will send you all pertinent details. 4K subscribers. One recent example of this is Financial Freedom National, Inc. Flexible payment plans that fit your needs. Midland Credit Management is committed to helping you find the solution that works best for you. That information must include: The name of the creditor; The amount owed More Resources. They prey on the vulnerability of the average person who may unaware of the laws that deal with debt. • Public debt dropped to 96 percent of GDP amidst an economic rebound and high inflation. If you have bills that are past due, you might be contacted by a debt collector. I cancelled bank payments as a complete scam. and Europe. Contact the dedicated consumer-rights law firm that knows how to stop them – and make them pay you up to $1000 penalty, plus our legal fees. Scammers know that,. How to Answer a Summons for a Debt Collection Lawsuit (In 3 Steps) Watch on. Credit and Finance. June 16, 2017. Debt collection scammers are inventive and can be challenging to spot. Unfortunately there are a lot of scams out there to steal people’s money or information. Learn more about your rights as a consumer and how to spot and avoid scams. Learn more about spotting and reporting this type of scam by going. They were founded in 1994 in Louisiana and have been in service for over 25 years. Write them down. The FTC is sending payments totaling more than $1 million to 1,966 consumers who were harmed by a debt collection scheme that conned consumers into paying debts they didn't owe. Fake debt scam. Unless you tell the collector otherwise,. Check out the scam below:Alert Number: CA047070_9/8/17(9/18) The Washington State Department of Financial Institutions (DFI) has received complaints for what appears to be a possible debt collection scam. The wire fraud includes illegal debt collecting that generated a total of $3 million in revenue over 2015 and 2016, and the illegal $13,011 in Medicaid benefits. MPlus Social. Being unable to pay the debt is not normally a legal defense to the debt. Managing debt can be a tricky business. Debt Collection. Under federal law, a debt collector can't contact you at any "unusual time" or at a time that it knows, or should know, is inconvenient for you. The defendants used several names including GAFS Group, Global Mediation Group, and Mediation Services. A Southern California debt collection operation, Asset Capital and Management Group, will surrender more than $4 million for consumer redress to settle Federal Trade Commission charges that it exto. Dispute the debt. Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Reddit Share on. A debt collector cannot call your place of employment. Debt collection scams, what the Federal Trade Commission calls “phantom debt collections” is a common ruse with an objective to relieve you of hundreds or even thousands of dollars. Hi and thanks for your question. Press 3 to speak to an interpreter. Website. According to the FTC’s complaint, Global. Harassing letters and emails. Hi and thanks for your question. Unfortunately, financial scams are pretty common. 0 Finally getting some traction on my credit cards! My counselor and I put together a plan for my family to get out of debt after a set back from my lost job. 4 million of payments on fake debts. There are a lot of scams out there like this regarding payday loans, so don't pay it until you can verify that the debt is correct, and B, that it is not passed the statute of limitations for debt collection in your state, which is 4-5 years depending on the. (844) 329-0725. FJS Global works mostly with consumer finance accounts. Start a new complaint. This is a legitimate data privacy tool that officially requires your data removal from tons of online brokers on your behalf. In 2021 alone, consumers reported losing more than $5. In addition to being banned from debt collection, debt brokering activities, and misleading consumers, the defendants also will be banned from misrepresenting to consumers whether they are attorneys. 14. Altogether, the FTC heard 53,004 complaints in 2020 — an average of 145 complaints a day — about debts that people did not owe and about abusive or threatening debt-collection practices, an 8 percent rise in complaints from 2019. District Court, Northern District of California. (NYSE:MXT) is a financial services company that issues bank cards, insurance products, and credit protection. Today, the FTC filed a lawsuit against Global Asset Financial Services Group (GAFS) and fifteen related defendants for operating a fake debt collection scheme. Then if your identity theft involves a person creating a Directv account without your consent,. Company resolves 0% of complaints brought to its attention from Business Consumer Alliance. Learn more about dealing with debt collectors at Debt Collection. On track now to get every. If you're getting threatening phone calls about a debt, even if it's one you recognize, you might be the target of a debt collection scam. (RALEIGH) Attorney General Josh Stein today warned North Carolinians to beware of fraudulent debt collectors and debt collection scams as part of Operation Corrupt Collector, a nationwide crackdown targeting debt collectors who use scare tactics to try to collect on non-existent. Phone Number +971 56 6300 520. The alleged debt may be completely fabricated,. Basically, the scammer calls you pretending to be from a debt collection agency and tries to steal your money. In fact, the entire premise of this scam revolves around creating a sense of urgency and pressure by pretending to be a legitimate debt collector or collection agency. 36 Courthouse-Dallas County Court(600 Commerce St, Dallas, TX 75202). Boyland was featured on Dateline NBC in 2009, which led to action from the New York AG. read more. Follow the instructions to validate the debt, as mentioned earlier. Third-party debt collectors like Global Processing Services debt collection agency come into the picture when a debt is left unpaid for up to 100 days or more, depending on your original creditor. 1. They should remove the debt from your credit report immediately. Total debt — spanning sovereigns, corporates and households — rose by $10tn to about $307tn in the six months to June, the IIF said in its global debt monitor report published on Tuesday. Scammers will try and rush you by threatening to sue you for unpaid debts which you may not even have. And to see a list of other type of top 10 scams, such as by category, or targeting specific groups, see this page. Metris is one of the largest bankcard issuers in the U. The law allows consumers who have been victims of harassment from debt collectors to get the calls to stop in addition to recovering statutory damages set at $1,000, in addition to attorney fees and court costs. When Radius Global Solutions buys one of your debts from the original creditor, you'll know promptly. The collector or agency asks for sensitive information that they should already know. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. and the 11th largest issuer of MasterCard and Visa cards. You can also order a report by phone at 877-322-8228. Mark calls / chats with the scammer. rms collections. The companies and people listed below are banned, by federal court orders, from participating in the business of debt collection. the debt collector’s telephone number. Many Scam Victims Have Significant Debt After A Scam Ends In many cases, this means having to face collection efforts. The Reserve Bank is Fiji’s central bank. There are a lot of scams out there like this regarding payday loans, so don't pay it until you can verify that the debt is correct, and B, that it is not passed the statute of limitations for debt collection in your state, which is 4-5. 1. But in many cases, unscrupulous people are. A debt collector can contact your parents or guardian if you are under 18 years old or live with them. We participate in a rigorous quality control programs, which includes peer reviews. No. iq data international inc. The area codes most targeted by scam calls related to debt collection in that time frame are 226, 403, 450, 581, 639, 780 and 905, the CRTC said. This indicates if people send private data to this internet site, then there is less of a chance that the info will be stolen by a scammer considering all transmissions are encrypted. Debt collection is also an opportunity for scammers to collect personal information by posing as credit or debt relief services. Simply Payments. Quipu. Do not ignore the need to resolve your debt with this FJM Collections. Click “View order” to see the federal court order that permanently. Transparency. Our Statutory Responsibilities –. The aim here is to offer TSI payment in exchange for the removal of the collection from your credit report. Debt collection is a very lucrative business. 86 Dear Debtor, This is to notify you and requires your immediate. Do not discuss anything related to the debt. Say you don’t owe some or all of the money, and ask for verification of the debt. The total external debt owed by public and private debtors to creditors in other countries amounts to $76 trillion in 2019 according to the CIA. The average financial loss reported to Fraud. Make sure your credit report is accurate. The caller insists on a specific means of payment, usually a wire transfer or prepaid debit card. Warning signs of debt collection scams Withholds information from you A debt collector must tell you information such as the name of the creditor, the amount. m. These scams typically include harassment and threats of all kinds. Message. The maximum rating was given to fjsglobalcollect. Learn more about how we share your complaint data. To prove you sent the letter, send it by certified mail with “return receipt requested. m. Credit and collections departments can no longer rely on time-consuming, error-prone and expensive manual processes, especially when resources are inadequate and time is short. FTC and national news and consumer organization top 10 consumer complaint scam lists. read more The easiest way to verify if a debt is fake is to contact the court. An alternative name for debt collection software is payment collection software. 1. Rosario Méndez. The goal of this page is to allow people to share information that may be important to help others to make a more informed decision regarding their experience with this debt collection company. 4. You can read more about Global Credit and Collections Corp on their Better Business Bureau page. With headquarters in Markham, Ontario, the company has representatives working throughout the U. Hospital says they turned it over to the first collection company (2nd collection co is who called me to. I wrote them back disputing the debt and asked them to validate the debt. May 10, 2023 (The Expresswire) -- Embracing Growth: A Promising Outlook for the Global Debt Collection and Debt Purchase Market from 2023 to 2030 "Debt. The debt validation letter includes: The amount owed. Coronavirus. The FTC’s complaint says that GAFS employees claimed to be lawyers or affiliated with law firms. com is probably not a scam but legit. Payments and Billing. 5. Telemarketers must tell you who they are and why they are calling right upfront. Victims of debt collection scams. Medical and non-medical collections have some key differences in terms of how the debt is handled by debt collection agencies, the credit bureaus, and the main scoring models. S. Read more. 49/month but it’s totally worth it. ’s call centers are located in the USA, United Kingdom, Canada, and Panama. A copy of the complaint filed with the settlement can be found here. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has announced that 1966 consumers who were scammed by Global Asset Financial Services in a "phantom debt" scheme will receive refunds totaling more than $1 million. Third-party debt collectors like Global Processing Services debt collection agency come into the picture when a debt is left unpaid for up to 100 days or more, depending on your original creditor. In this article, we'll also show you a few other fraud prevention tips including what to do if you lost money to a scam. 71 into my account. Debt Collection Agency Directory. Affinity Global, Inc. Instead, do: Ask for a formal written notice or letter regarding the debt. Here are key ways to identify and defend yourself from. If you're told you owe a debt and you don't think it's yours or you think it's a scam, you have the right to dispute it. The complaint contains all the legal claims by the plaintiff in paragraph form. The scam by Global Asset involved. At FTC's Request, Court Orders Halt to Debt Collector's Illegal Practices. 11 Charter Communications. When a person receives a debt summons and doesn’t file a response or attend the hearing, they play right into the hands of the debt collector. Call the National Debt Helpline on 1800 007 007 – open Weekdays from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm. m. Legitimate debt collectors will not ask for any payment until they have successfully collected the debt. The fall in the last two years—which reversed about 2/3 of the 2020 surge in debt—is mainly explained by the rebound in. These companies may even ask for your credit card. The first is simply failing to provide promised services. FRS may use the alternate business name, Financial Recovery Services of Minnesota, Inc. Send the agency a letter by mail asking them to confirm their debt in writing. Watch this video to learn the warning signs of debt collection scams. How it works. Unfortunately, aggressive debt collectors will use this fear to try to collect on debts that people no longer owe. And like with the CFPB, your complaint can help shape future debt collection laws. • If you work for a business and receive a call or visit, be sure to speak with your manager or business owner first. Likewise, AARP's toll-free Fraud Watch Network Helpline, 877-908-3360, regularly hears from people besieged by. This is called a “validation notice. Here's how to avoid the 3 biggest traps — and what to do if you've been scammed. So these collectors are just debt buyers who are trying to bluff you into paying for a debt that is legally uncollectible. The following are the essential steps to get Radius Global Solutions off your credit report for good: Ask for a goodwill deletion. Under the FDCPA, debt collectors must obey cease and desist letters under either of these circumstances: The statute of limitations on the debt has run out. If you have a lawyer, the collector must communicate with your lawyer. If too-good-to-be-true come-ons are hallmarks of a potential debt relief scam, openness and straight-forward language are signs that a company is legitimate. If a caller refuses to give you all of this information, do not pay! Paying a fake debt collector will not always make them go away. Ad Astra Recovery Services. A recent change in rules by the US Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) allows debt collectors to contact you by direct message on social networks, email, or text. Like any debt collection agency, MRS must also adhere to debt collection laws laid out by the Fair. File complaints with your state AG and with the CFPB when you have identified the collection company. Congratulations, you might have just made some money. Remember the following tips and tricks to identify collection agency scams early. June 16, 2017. Debt consolidation scam: Debt consolidation can help you streamline the process of repaying your debt and can save you money in the long run. If the court Summons is real, then it will have had to be processed through the court. Review updated: Apr 17, 2021. By. In truth, they were not lawyers and had no authority to collect debts. The debt may be completely fake, canceled, discharged, forgiven or beyond the period for collection. 2, April, 2022, pp 2 83 - 2 91 291 ©2022 This is an Open Access a rticle distributed under the ter ms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4. Don’t confirm account information; some scammers will get you to say “OK” to claim you approved a charge. There are only a few. Below is an example of one customer’s negative experience with Global Holdings debt settlement services: “I started with Global Holdings to help reduce my debt and get them paid. S. Tim Bauer. FedEx needs to finish its investigation. JJohnson said: No they said they were going to send out a payment plan to pay the debt off, what the sent was a covering letter with attachment of earnings and outgoings on the back off it. 30 Responses to “Commercial debt collection scam using the names Hu Shunliang and Ma-Shan Iron and Steel”. The phone scam from the person who called you was most certainly after your personal information which would be very damaging to say the least. fjsglobalcollect. If you feel smothered by your monthly bills, a call from someone who says they can reduce or eliminate your debts might sound like the answer to your problems. Lawyer's Assistant: Could you please provide some more details about the nature of the. If a debt consolidation company is being pushy or. Altogether, the FTC heard 53,004 complaints in 2020 — an average of 145 complaints a day — about debts that people did not owe and about abusive or threatening debt-collection practices, an 8 percent rise in complaints from 2019. us “). Verify the debt. Debt collection scams; Unscrupulous debt collectors often purchase old, discharged debt for pennies on the dollar. 4 billion jump in losses in one year. Our practices are consumer-friendly and tailored to each individual’s circumstances. com. We place an emphasis on quality of service. How To Spot a Debt Collection Scam. Debt collection scams. The top frauds of 2021. All three companies are debt collectors that buy debt portfolios from creditors, or other debt sellers, and then place the portfolios with or sell them to other collection companies. FTC StaffFDCPA – Debt & Credit Complaints. Metris Companies, Inc. read moreThe easiest way to verify if a debt is fake is to contact the court. Learn how to protect yourself and others from fraud and scamsThese are people who responded to an offer, perhaps a nonexistent sweepstakes, by providing all of their information — name, address, phone number and even Social Security number. How to Answer a Summons for a Debt Collection Lawsuit (In 3 Steps) Watch on. You can call Action Fraud on 0300 123 2040, use the Action Fraud online reporting tool, or visit the FCA ScamSmart website. Eager to settle your debts, you provide your credit or debit card number. Their phishing emails are designed to look professional on the surface, but with a careful eye, they can easily be picked apart. Signs of a debt relief scam. 3. or AffGlo is a legitimate third-party debt collection agency founded in 1999 and headquartered in Ontario, Canada. A debt collection attorney works with both people seeking to collect debts and those defending themselves against debt collectors. First, the debt was discharged in a bankruptcy. Ask questions to make sure the debt is one that you owe. According to the BBB, Capital Recovery Systems, Inc. Bothell, WA 98041. A charity scam is when a thief poses as a real charity or makes up the name of a charity that sounds real in order to get money from you. Within 30 days of getting. Table of Contents. Once you have created your Answer, responded to the paragraphs in the Complaint, and asserted your affirmative defenses, you are ready for the final step: file your Answer. Report debt collection scams and abuse to the CFPB ( online or by calling 855-411-2372), the FTC ( online or by calling 877-382-4357) and your state’s attorney general. Here are Harris and Harris' contact details: To pay a debt call: 1-800-362-0097. This might not prevent you from getting spam calls directly. Our digital-first approach to debt collection creates a cycle of collections growth: 1. This article will provide a tool to help you avoid debt collection scams (yes, you scammers many times know that you took out loans and will try to scam you again), and to better control real debt collectors. If you are sure that it is a dubious rip-off - i. If by some chance this is legit, then you'll have a good handle on who you owe to, how much, and what the next steps are. Debt. The following are the essential steps to get Radius Global Solutions off your credit report for good: Ask for a goodwill deletion. Most importantly, trust your instincts – if it feels even a little bit wrong, the chances are that it probably is. Seeks reforms to reduce "serial" debt collection lawsuits. There are only a few circumstances when a debt can lead to an arrest. 50 per person. (651) 296-3353 (Twin Cities Calling Area) (800) 657-3787 (Outside the Twin Cities) (800) 627-3529 (Minnesota Relay) It is not uncommon today for people to be pursued by debt collectors for money they don't owe. . Your first instinct may be to immediately call the company or respond to the email and to stop the payment. Address: PO BOX 39. The BBB established a profile page for CRS in 1998. Buzzfile estimates Transworld Systems Inc’s annual revenue at $ $1. , is a Canadian-owned company that has a debt collection division. • This is the inaugural edition of the Global Debt Monitor. C. Payday loan scams to watch out for. S. 1. What To Do If You’re A Victim. 30, 2021, debt collectors have new options for how they may communicate with you about debts they’re trying to collect. Autopay to never miss a payment. The global debt collection software market size was valued at USD 3,736 million in 2021, presumed to reach USD 8,305 million by 2030, expanding at a CAGR of 10. Global Debt Recovery has been involved in sending me letters based on non-existing debt on their behalf of Intrum Justitia (Barclays) in 2016. Since she had taken payday loans in the past, Carson-Huff believed she might owe money. This month, the FTS ordered the perpetrators of a debt collection scam to reimburse 1,966 victims of the scams an average of $516 each, adding up to a total settlement of just over $1 million. Also, contact your local Department of Housing and Urban Development office or the housing authority in your state, city, or county. Scam. Coming in at number nine on the list is a collection of scams that were. But don’t be fooled: scammers often impersonate debt collectors to try to convince people that they owe unpaid debts or try to scare or threaten people to collect on non-existent debt. Ask for details on the debt, such as: the amount you owe. Operating Status Active. Respond to each complaint in separate paragraphs. Take action If you're getting threatening phone calls about a debt, even if it's one you recognize, you might be the target of a debt collection scam. Here are 5 ways you can avoid falling victim . They can contact you by phone, email, or text, just like a real debt collector would for a past-due payment. After you make the payment, wait 30 days and check your credit report to make sure TrueAccord no longer appears as a collection account. Unless you tell the collector otherwise, the FDCPA says that a collector can't call before 8:00 a. S. CF has received complaints alleging violations of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), including threatening to take actions that cannot legally be taken and using false or misleading language in an effort to collect a debt. 1-877-382-4357. If you can’t work out a plan with your lender, contact a non-profit housing counseling organization. The papers say I have 14 days to "file. The FTC sued GAFS Group in. Not only is this information that legitimate debt collectors should already know — giving it up can put you at risk of identity theft. org by victims of debt collection scams between October 2013 and June 2014 was $1,748. Negotiate a settlement. The list above is not all the numbers that FBCS uses. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia entered a temporary restraining order against The Primary Group defendants on May 11, 2015.